Author: Lasse Rode / Studio xoio
The Berlin based studio xoio has been established in 2006 by Peter Stulz and Lasse Rode. It is specialized in high-quality emotive architecture and product visualization. The team at xoio consists of people which have an architecture and design background. That provides a strong understanding of creative processes and the ability to give support in questions of design.

Introduction

We would like to say thank you and how much we feel honored to be given the opportunity writing this making-of.

The ‘Mountain Retreat’ image we would like to talk about is some piece of work we did as our 2010 new years postcard, After having a helicopter, Christmas tree and something abstract in the past few years.

We thought it would be good to make something more with in the realm of architectural visualization, as this is what we are used to do most of the time. So we did, and after some discussion and research for nice winter images we decided it to be a small house within a winter snow-covered valley beneath a lake.

Modeling

Modeling this project was not the hard side part. There are very few complex objects and everything is modeled in a conventional way. But let’s have a look at the environment, as this is something that really dominates the image.

Up above you can see how the environment is built. There are the house and 5 planes. One in the foreground, the lake, one plane in the background for the snow field, and two for the mountains in the back which are slightly deformed by pulling on their vertices to give them a rough form.

After that the mountain on the right gets a simple 3dsmax noise modifier to give it a less smooth look, but not detailed too much because this one will be covered by trees later on.

On the mountain in the back we applied a standard displace modifier with a relief-map in the map slot. This map gives a more detailed rocky look because this one will be visible in the end.

That map looks something like this…

We created it using World Machine 2.0. It is a node-based tool to create terrains in a very intuitive way. You can export all necessary maps from it to create cool looking mountains.

After being done with this we added some bushes in the foreground, put some weeds in the lake and scattered some trees in the background with the awesome Forest plugin by iToo Software. The pyramids you can see here show the forest-proxies and as you can see we only used 4 different types of trees. This was enough to simulate a forest.

Snow

OK, let’s have a look at the snow.

Basically, there are five points which make this image look like winter

1. The Snow Material

The material we used for the snow is a very simple V-Ray shader. We applied it on everything which is covered by or really is snow.

It looks like this…

And here are the settings for it…

2. The Icicles

We modeled some icicles to add it at some spots on the house. It is a very simple model with a simple refractive material. The mesh looks like this…

2. Snow on the rooftop, boat and the bushes

For creating the snow on the rooftop we created a standard PFlow system. This PFlow System scatters particles on the horizontal (selected) faces of the roof.

After that we applied the Particle Wrapper Plugin available from 3daliens.com. It is a very neat tool to mesh particle-flow geometry. This should look like this…

After that we paint-deformed on it with the standard 3dsmax paint-deform tool in the edit Poly object options.

We used the same technique to make the snow on the boat and on the bushes in the foreground.

Just the 3 steps –  Create Particles on desired faces,  Wrap them,  Paint-deform them to get a more realistic feel.

4. Snow on trees.

For the snow on the trees we used a very old-school technique – the top/bottom material.

This is the one for the needles for instance

You can mix the normal material with the snow and tell the shader to be only on the top-side of the object, just as snow does. This works fine for the trees which are quite far away.

5. Footsteps and other detail

We also applied a V-Ray Displacement modifier on the ground in the foreground to make the footsteps and the trails in the snow. We painted a map for this that looks like this…

This is quite nice for adding some detail to the snow in some spots.

Lighting

Here you can see what lights are used and what kind they are. There are some V-Ray IES lights for the interior of the house, spotlights for the snow-mobile, V-RayLights for the garden lamps and a domelight with a nice blue HDRi for global lighting.

Fog

For the fog we used a simple standard fog (not V-Ray fog) with default settings except the density which is a noise-map to allow for fog variations in density. We’ve put an instance of the HDRi map we used on the domelight in the environment color slot as well.

Render

The renders settings are nothing special. They look like the ones everybody uses I guess.

Postwork

After that we did some post work. Not much, just some basic color-corrections and some fog hovering above the trees and the lake. The Fog above the lake is simply painted in Photoshop with a standard brush-tool, as well as the smoke from the chimney. You can see the process in the animated image below and single steps after it.

Here are the individual image steps for your review…

Well… we hope you can use some of these techniques in your future work and thank you for reading.

Peter + Lasse from xoio

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